• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SU1837945A3
    申请号:SU884356641
    申请日:1988-10-18
    公开日:1993-08-30
    发明作者:Berzatsi Lyudvig；Etsenberger Valter；Kloimshtajn Lotar；Nidermajer Ervin；Shmidt Alfred；Vitdshperger Andreas
    申请人:Vaagner Biro Ag；Glantsshtoff Austria Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a microbiological method for the conversion of sulfur-containing harmful substances in waste basics, mainly H 2 S, CS 2 and / or 3OS, as well as thioalcohols, thioethers, thiofeev into diluted acids and their removal, in estonia, in particular from waste gases of synthetic production fiber.
    As you know, air contaminated with the above harmful substances is eliminated by using it as combustion air in steam generators or as an aeration tool in wastewater treatment plants. Since the need for an amount of oxygen has two boundaries and in a large number of cases it is necessary to remove contaminated air or gas in significantly large quantities, the removal of these foul-smelling exhaust gases with a relatively low concentration of harmful gas remains an unresolved problem.
    In addition, an adsorption method is known for separating from gases the viscose production of H 2 S and CS 2 gas. For example, H 2 S gas can be adsorbed using KJ-impregnated coarse activated carbon, and CS 2 can be adsorbed with fine-pored activated carbon. The regeneration of the absorbed activated carbon is carried out with liquid CS 2 , H 2 SO4 is washed with water, and CS 2 is stripped with water vapor.
    According to another oxidation method
    H 2 S is used heavy metal-poor coal. H2SO4 formed in a small amount is neutralized with
    NH 3 .
    СО со ^ 4 Ол> со
    When both methods are implemented, the methods of H 2 S oxidation and CS2 adsorption can be carried out in one, and at a higher concentration in two separate adsorbers.
    It is also known to use combined methods consisting of alkaline washing to remove H2S and adsorb CS2 activated carbon.
    Also, these combined methods may not be suitable for the purification of large quantities of exhaust gases having a low concentration of harmful gases.
    The basis of the invention is the neutralization of the above harmful components contained in the exhaust gases also in small concentrations, as well as to convert the resulting compounds either into a marketable product or a product suitable for use, or at least to a large extent to neutralize these compounds.
    The invention is characterized in that the exhaust gas is passed through a reactor with filler elements, the latter being always moistened and covered with immobilized microorganisms from the thiobaclIlaceae family, for example, predominantly thlobaccillus thlooxidans. A liquid dripping from filling elements containing harmful substances oxidized by microorganisms, which are predominantly acidic sulfur compounds, is neutralized. At the same time, oxidized harmful substances are converted into salts, which are partially removed, and the loss of volume is supplemented with pure water. Residual water remains with dissolved salts in the system.
    In more detail, the subject matter of the invention is described below using an example of its implementation, illustrated in schematic form by a drawing.
    In the manufacture of staple fiber, foam glass, cellulose sausage casings, and an endless filament yarn, approximately 50,000 to 700,000 cubic meters of waste gas are produced per ton of product, which, depending on the technology stage, contains different concentrations of H2S, CS2 and / or COS gases (high-calorie gas stream , low calorific gas flow). High-calorific gases can be used in general for cost-effective extraction of sulfur components from it. As for low-calorie gases, they, in any case, are associated with the problem of eliminating unpleasant odors. These gases contain predominantly up to 3000 ppm CS2. 1000 ppm H2S and / or COS. Part of this off-gas is purified in an experimental reactor with a diameter of 30 cm and a useful volume of 115 liters. This reactor is filled with filling elements containing microorganisms from the sewage sludge of the working treatment facilities. Microorganisms are mainly bacteria of the thlobacillaceae family. Bacteria were immobilized in the filling elements after about a week of adaptation. The waste gas to be cleaned is passed through the reactor from the bottom up, and in the countercurrent it is pumped with water in an amount of 20 to 100 liters per hour to discharge the resulting metabolic products, which is in constant circulation, and before introducing this water into the reactor during continuous operation, the pH value is adjusted , which is set equal to from 3 to 10. With the passage of water through the column, the pH value decreases in the examples below by about 1 to 5 units. To divert the resulting metabolic products from the circulation, about 1 liter of liquid per hour is removed, which is filled with fresh water. The formed sulfate can be precipitated from the removed stream with lime water, and in this case, partial regeneration of the alkali used in neutralization takes place. In order to satisfy the need of microorganisms for trace elements and inorganic substances, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, appropriate solutions of nutrients or salts of trace elements that are used in the cultivation of thiobacillaceae are added to fresh water. The conversion of sulfur-containing components of the exhaust gases when using bacteria occurs according to the following equations:
    H 2 S + 202 ----> H 2 SO4
    CS2 + 402 + 2H 2 O -> 2H 2 SO4 + СО 2 cos + 2О 2 + н 2 о -> H 2 SO4 + co 2 :
    • In the table. 1 and 2 indicate the separation of H 2 S or CS 2 depending on the amount of gas missed.
    The metabolic products leaving the reactor are neutralized by <alkali addition (sodium or potassium liquor), due to which mainly soluble salts are formed which are in circulation. To prevent an increase in the concentration of salts in the circulating liquid, as part of the increase in ions in the reactor, an appropriate amount of salt solution is withdrawn from the neutralized tank, and this
    Liquids are filled with fresh water, since sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide are relatively expensive, some of them can be generated by adding lime ode according to, for example, the following equation:
    I. Na 2 SO4 + Ca (OH) g— ”2NaOH + CaSCH
    I CaSO4 precipitates or can be thickened, while the supernatant is poor in sulfate and therefore can be diverted through a biological treatment plant or returned to the internal circulation.
    The proposed method is illustrated in the drawing.
    In chemical plant 1, which produces staple fiber, foam glass, cellulose sausage casings or an endless filament, there is also a waste liquid, which is treated in a biological treatment plant 2. Along with the exhaust gas, 2. Clean water if it cannot be used for internal circulation , divert to a water intake 3. In a biological treatment plant, sulfur bacteria are formed that are immobilized on the filling elements that enter the trade. These filling elements are placed in reactor 4 and moistened constantly there, for which, of course, clean water rich in nutrients and sulfur bacteria of a biological treatment plant 2 is especially suitable. Through the reactor, in countercurrent to the liquid, the off-gas generated at chemical plant 1 , directed according to the pipeline 5 to the moisturizing liquid of the filling elements and passed through the layer of the filling element, and the bacteria bind the sulfur-containing parts of the exhaust gas and form as The metabolic product is sulfuric acid, which is dissolved in a dripping liquid and collected in the sewage pit 6 of reactor 4. This acid solution in another reactor 7 is mixed with alkali, in particular sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, as a result of which salt is formed, which is sent to the third reactor 8, in which soluble salts are added by the addition of milk of lime mainly to insoluble chrysalis removed from the process for storage in 9 or for further use. The sulfate-poor supernatant can be sent through a biological treatment plant to a water inlet 3. The liquid in reactor 8 is mainly dissolved sodium hydroxide or dissolved potassium hydroxide, which is returned to reactor 7 to prevent loss of chemicals. The separation of both reactors 7 and 8 is mainly done in order to ensure the concentration of the solution and to separate the bacteriological circulation from the gypsum circulation, so that the formation of crystals is deliberately excluded in the reactor 7.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    Claim
    The method of purification of exhaust gases from sulfur-containing compounds, including exposure to a gas stream of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria of the ThlobaclIlaceae family in a liquid medium at 15 - 30 ° С followed by separation of sulfates, characterized in that bacteria are used that are immobilized on filling bodies located in the reactor, the process is carried out passing a gas stream and a liquid medium through filling bodies with bacteria immobilized by bacteria in countercurrent flow, then the liquid medium with sulfates dissolved in it is made alkaline with NaOH or KOH and added added to it calcium oxide to precipitate insoluble calcium sulphates.
    Table!
    Branch H 2 S
    Gas flow, m d / h End, uncleaned. gas End, purified gas Branch 10 20 Not detected 100 fifteen 20100 20 20 Traces 100 thirty 20 1 95 40 20 ; 4 80
    Ί
    table 2
    CS2 Branch
    Gas flow, m 3 / h End, raw gas' End, purified gas Branch 10 80 Not detected 100 • fifteen 90 7 92 20 90 8 91 thirty 80 19 78 40 80 42 42
    IN
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DD275621A5|1990-01-31|
    AT388313B|1989-06-12|
    CN1013735B|1991-09-04|
    PL275352A1|1989-06-12|
    US4968622A|1990-11-06|
    PT88794B|1993-01-29|
    EP0312958B1|1993-04-21|
    HUT51172A|1990-04-28|
    CS277304B6|1993-01-13|
    ATA275287A|1988-11-15|
    HU202770B|1991-04-29|
    CS687088A3|1992-08-12|
    DE3880425D1|1993-05-27|
    CA1302930C|1992-06-09|
    JPH01231925A|1989-09-18|
    PL158304B1|1992-08-31|
    BR8805663A|1989-07-18|
    CN1039190A|1990-01-31|
    BG51254A3|1993-03-15|
    ES2040809T3|1993-11-01|
    EP0312958A1|1989-04-26|
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    优先权:
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